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{{Semi-protected}}
{{Infobox Person Servants of Evil
 
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{{Race
| image = Poster_3.jpg
 
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|image=John Howe - Balrog.jpg
| caption =
 
| name = Balrogs
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|name= Balrog
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|dominions= [[Thangorodrim]], [[Angband]], [[Moria]]
| othernames = Demons of the Ancient World, Demons of Might, Valaraukar
 
  +
|languages=
| title = Servants of [[Morgoth]]
 
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|height= Large, twice the height of [[Elves]]<ref name=gondolin>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 2: ''[[The Book of Lost Tales 2|The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]'', III: "The Fall of Gondolin"</ref>
| birth = Before the Creation of [[Arda]]
 
| rule =
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|weigth=
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|skincolor=
| death = Most perished in the [[First Age]], some possibly still in existence
 
  +
|haircolor=
| realms = [[Misty Mountains]], [[Moria]], [[Angband]], [[Utumno]], [[North|Northern Lands]], [[Iron Mountains]]
 
| spouse =
+
|lifespan=
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|distinctions=Fiery, demons with whips and claws<ref name=gondolin/>
| weapon = Brute Strength, Powers of Maiar, Magic, Fire and heat, Fiery weapons ([[Sword]]s, [[whip]]s, [[axe]]s, etc.), Commanding minions, etc.
 
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|members=[[Gothmog]], [[Durin's Bane]]
| race = [[Maiar]]
 
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}}{{Quote|Then something came into the chamber - I felt it through the door, and the orcs themselves were afraid and fell silent. It laid hold of the iron ring, and then it perceived me and my spell.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]],'' "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"}}
| culture = Maiar of Evil (Servants of Morgoth), [[Valaraukar]]
 
| gender =
 
| height = 14' - 18' or larger
 
| hair = Mane of flames
 
| eyes = Reddish-white
 
| actor =
 
| voice =
 
| character =
 
}}
 
{{Quote|Then something came into the chamber - I felt it through the door, and the orcs themselves were afraid and fell silent. It laid hold of the iron ring, and then it perceived me and my spell.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]],'' "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"}}
 
   
'''Balrogs''' were the '''Valaraukar''' ([[Quenya]]; ''vala'' "power" + ''rauko'' "monster"), spirits of the [[Maiar]] that were seduced and corrupted by [[Melkor]] to his service.<ref name="ValaMaiar">''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Valaquenta]]:'' "Of the Maiar"</ref> There were never more than seven, according to [[Christopher Tolkien|Tolkien's son]], but in earlier versions of Tolkien's writings there are references to entire armies of Balrogs, at least before the destruction of [[Utumno]]. [[Gothmog]] was their captain during the [[First Age]].
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'''Balrogs''', also called the '''Valaraukar''', were [[Maiar]] that were seduced and corrupted by [[Melkor]] to his service.<ref name=valaquenta>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Valaquenta]]:'' "Of the Maiar"</ref>
   
 
==Origins==
 
==Origins==
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Balrogs were "scourges of fire, ... demons of terror."<ref name="ValaMaiar" /> They were [[Maiar]], originally of the same order as [[Saruman]] and [[Gandalf]], but they were seduced by [[Melkor]], who corrupted them to his service in the days of his splendour before the creation of [[Arda]]. During the [[Music of the Ainur]], the [[Ainulindalë]], Melkor (Morgoth) began introducing themes of his own design into the Theme of Ilúvatar, causing great discord in the music. Balrogs were among those spirits near Melkor who attuned their own music to Melkor's theme rather than [[Ilúvatar]]'s. Therefore, they not only existed before the creation of the world, they also had a part in its corruption.  
 
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Originally, Balrogs were Maiar that were later persuaded by Melkor before the [[Awakening of the Elves]]. Their first dwellings had been [[Utumno]], but after their master's defeat during the [[War for Sake of the Elves]], the Balrogs and other creatures in Melkor's service escaped and went to [[Angband]].<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter III: "[[Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor]]"</ref>
   
 
==History==
 
==History==
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===Years of the Trees===
[[File:Balrog 5.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Fallen flame of Udûn]]
 
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[[File:The balrogs of morgoth by thylacinee-d5pl60x.png|thumb|200px|left|The Balrogs of Morgoth, by [http://thylacinee.deviantart.com/ Thylacinee] ]]
[[File:Tumblr m8nwu2EeHB1rt4vgvo1 1280.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Balrogs and a [[Fire-drake of Gondolin|fire worm]] before to attack the city of Gondolin by [[John Howe]]<ref>http://alan-and-john.tumblr.com/page/21</ref>]]
 
   
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Balrogs were present as early as the [[Years of the Trees]] when Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] went to [[Valinor]] and destroyed the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]. By then, the Balrogs remained in the pits of Angband. After Morgoth destroyed the Trees with [[Ungoliant]], he came to the ruins of Angband to renew his rule in Middle-earth. A disagreement with Ungoliant led to her attacking him, and Morgoth gave out a great cry that roused the Balrogs from their slumber. In a tempest of fire, the Balrogs drove Ungoliant away and prepared to pursue her. However, they were halted by Morgoth and returned to Angband, which shortly thereafter was constructed anew.<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter IX: "[[Of the Flight of the Noldor]]"</ref>
During the [[First Age]], Balrogs were among the most feared of Morgoth's forces. When his [[fortress|Fortress]] of [[Utumno]] was destroyed by the [[Valar]], seven fled and lurked in the pits of [[Angband]]. If more existed before this time, they were slain by the Valar in Utumno. The Balrogs were first encountered by the [[Elves]] during the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] (Battle-under-Stars) in the First Age. After the great victory of the [[Ñoldor]] over Morgoth's [[orc]]s, [[Fëanor]] pressed on towards [[Angband]], but the Balrogs came against him. He was mortally wounded by Gothmog, Lord of Balrogs. Though his sons fought off the demons with an army of elves at their side, [[Fëanor]] died of his wounds soon after, and his spirit departed for the [[Halls of Mandos]]. Another major encounter was in the Battle of Unnumbered Tears (Nirnaeth Arnoediad). Gothmog, High Captain of Angband, led the invasion. He threw aside [[Hurin]] and [[Turgon]], turned upon [[Fingon]] and killed him with the help of another Balrog, winning the battle for Morgoth's forces. During the [[Fall of Gondolin]], [[Ecthelion]] managed to kill Gothmog at the cost of his own life. Another Balrog is confronted when he attacks Tuor and those attempting to escape the siege. [[Glorfindel of Gondolin|Glorfindel]] fought the Balrog to give his friends a chance to escape. The battle ended with Glorfindel casting down the Balrog from the mountain but being pulled down along with the demon. The last Balrogs fought in the [[War of Wrath]] but were either slain or forced to retreat.
 
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<br clear=left/>
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===First Age===
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[[File:Dead of Feanor by LuisFBejarano.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Death of Fëanor, by [http://luisfbejarano.deviantart.com/ LuisFBejarano] ]]When Noldor managed to win the battle <nowiki>''</nowiki>[[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]]<nowiki>'',  Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of Balrogs, with few elves about him. Soon he stood alone; but long he fought on with all balrog's alone, so how was mightiest the strength, valour and endurance, of all the </nowiki>[[Children of Ilúvatar|Children of Iluvatar]], though he was wrapped in fire and wounded with many wounds. But at the last Gothmog, Lord of the Balrogs, smote him to the ground, inflicting a mortal wound.
   
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[[Maedhros]], Fëanor's son, persuaded the forces of Morgoth for a feigned treaty, but Morgoth sent his Balrogs. The entire company was slain, except for Maedhros, who was later brought to Angband.<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter XIII: "[[Of the Return of the Noldor]]"</ref>
[[File:Xtra09.jpg|thumb|left|240px|The portrait in [[Saruman]]'s book at [[Orthanc]] of Durin's Bane.]]
 
   
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Years later, during the [[Dagor Bragollach]], the Balrogs, along with [[Glaurung]] and [[Orcs]], were issued forth from Angband assault the fortresses of the Elves and to kill their allies, the [[Men]].<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter XVIII: "[[Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin]]"</ref>
Most of the Balrogs of [[Morgoth]] were destroyed during the [[War of Wrath]] at the end of the [[First Age]], but some few "fled and hid themselves in caverns inaccessible at the roots of the earth."<ref name="SimWar">''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]],'' Chapter XXIV: "[[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]]"</ref> During the [[Third Age]], it was discovered that one of these had hidden deep beneath the [[Misty Mountains]], near Moria. That was [[Durin's Bane]], the best-documented of the Balrogs. The [[Dwarves]] of [[Khazad-dum|Khazad-dûm]] had accidentally awakened it while greedily mining too deep for [[Mithril]]. It was Durin's Bane that drove the dwarves from their homeland in Moria. Later, in his confrontation with the wizard Gandalf and the the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], he pursued them to the bridge of Khazad-dûm. Gandalf fought the Balrog allowing the Fellowship to escape Moria.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings]], [[The Fellowship of the Ring (novel)|The Fellowship of the Ring]],'' Book Two, Chapter V: "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"</ref> Both were slain, but [[Gandalf]] was "sent back" by the Valar (or possibly by Iluvatar).<ref>''[[The Two Towers (novel)|The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers]],'' Book Three, Chapter V: "The White Rider"</ref>
 
   
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The Balrogs fought during the [[Nírnaeth Arnoediad]], where Gothmog led the invasion. He threw aside [[Húrin]] and [[Turgon]], turned upon [[Fingon]] and killed him with the help of another Balrog, securing the field for Morgoth's forces. He also captured Húrin, after Húrin was buried under a mountain of slain foes. He bound the human warrior and delivered him to Angband, whereupon Morgoth attempted unsuccessfully to pry the location of [[Gondolin]] from him.<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter XX: "[[Of the Fifth Battle: Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]"</ref>
==Appearance==
 
[[File:Balrog_vs_Gandalf.jpeg|thumb|180px|The Balrog's Whip.]]
 
[[File:Balrog.jpg|thumb|180px|Utilizing Udun's flame in shape of a fiery sword.]]
 
[[File:By G17RDY Creations and Hecubus114.jpg|thumb|180px|The sword of hell in detail by [http://www.therpf.com/f9/lotr-sword-balrog-new-project-complete-69004/ G17RDY Creations and Hecubus114]]]
 
A Balrog generally took the form of a tall, menacing being roughly in the shape of a [[Man]], having control of both fire and shadow and wielding a fiery [[whip]] with several thongs (Gothmog, the Lord of Balrogs in the First Age, used an [[axe]] as well). They induced great terror in friends and foes alike. Many who faced Balrogs referred to them as "creatures of fire and shadow" or simply "shadow and flame."
 
   
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[[File:GlorfindelandBalrog.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Glorfindel and the Balrog, by [[John Howe]]]]
In his published works, [[Tolkien]] depicts the Balrog as being barely a shape wreathed in shadow and flame - possibly man-shape, yet greater. Balrogs seemed to encapsulate and project power and terror.
 
   
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In [[FA 510]], during the [[Fall of Gondolin]], the Balrogs rode upon the backs of dragons to reach the hidden city of [[Gondolin]]. The Lord of the House of the Fountain, [[Ecthelion of the Fountain|Ecthelion]], managed to kill Gothmog at the cost of his own life. While attempting to escape the burning city, [[Glorfindel of Gondolin|Glorfindel]] and his companions were blocked by another Balrog. To save [[Tuor]], [[Idril]] and their young son [[Eärendil]], Glorfindel fought the Balrog on a cliff and cast it down, but he was pulled down with the Balrog to their deaths.<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter XXIII: "[[Of Tuor and the Fall of Gondolin]]"</ref>
Additionally, they may have been able to alter their body structures on occasion, as in the battle between Durin's Bane and [[Gandalf]], when the Balrog fell into a body of water he shifted himself into something gelatinous. However, it is also possible that this alternate form was simply Gandalf using colorful language to describe what the Balrog was like after having its flame extinguished and being covered in water.
 
   
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The last of the Balrogs fought in the [[War of Wrath]] and were destroyed, though some managed to escape and hide in the caverns of the earth.<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]], [[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', Chapter XXIV: "[[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]]"</ref>
In the film adaptations, the head somewhat resembles a skull with ram's horns, while being itself wrapped in its flames. Obviously quite a bit of creative license was used, as nowhere in Tolkien literature is the Balrog described in this way, and is much larger than Tolkien ever described. Tolkien described the Balrog being only "several feet taller than an average man" but in Peter Jackson's film adaptation the Balrog towers over everything.
 
   
==Capabilities==
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===Third Age===
Balrogs were fearsome and powerful creatures. They were amongst the most trusted and oldest servants of Morgoth, and, with [[dragons]], were the most powerful creatures under Morgoth's command. In Tolkien's later writings, he made note of the fact that there could not have ever been more than seven Balrogs, yet they were able to drive away Ungoliant in what was described as a "tempest of fire". This is all the more impressive considering that '''even [[Tulkas]] was helpless before the [[Unlight]]''' that Ungoliant spewed to cover her escape.
 
   
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In [[TA 1980]], a Balrog awoke in [[Moria]] when the [[Dwarves]] had mined too deep for ''[[Mithril|mithril]]''. It drove the Dwarves out of their home and slew King [[Durin VI]], and the Balrog was thereafter called "[[Durin's Bane]]".<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]]: Annals of the Kings and Rulers, III: Durin's Folk</ref>
Balrogs' most renowned and feared magics involved the creation or summoning of fiery weapons. In addition, these fallen Maia could ignite and engulf themselves in flames.
 
[[File:Haste of the Balrogs by Viking-Heart.png|thumb|left|180px|Haste of the Balrogs by [http://viking-heart.deviantart.com/art/Haste-of-the-Balrogs-372230812 Viking-Heart]]]
 
The extent of their command of magics other than their weaponry is something of a mystery. It is known however, that they possess the ability to cast spells in a similar manner to the [[Istar]], Durin's Bane was able to cast a counter-spell against Gandalf so potent that it overwhelmed a spell he had been using to keep a door closed.
 
   
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During the [[War of the Ring]], the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] passed through Moria and encountered Durin's Bane, which pursued them to the [[Bridge of Khazad-dûm]]. [[Gandalf|Gandalf the Grey]] fought the Balrog, allowing the Fellowship to escape Moria.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings]], [[The Fellowship of the Ring (novel)|The Fellowship of the Ring]],'' Book Two, Chapter V: "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"</ref> Both fell into the abyss, but the [[Battle of the Peak|battle continued at the peak of Zirakzigil]]. Finally, it ended, but both Gandalf and Durin's Bane were slain in the process. Gandalf was later "sent back" by the Valar, as Gandalf the White.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings]], [[The Two Towers (novel)|The Two Towers]], Book Three, Chapter V: "[[The White Rider]]"</ref>
It seems likely that they cannot be hurt with normal weapons as Gandalf said. Gandalf could fight against the demon because Gandalf himself is a Maia as well and the blade used by him was [[Glamdring]], a sword of [[Gondolin]].
 
[[File:Gothmog the balrog's king.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Gothmog, the original Lord of Balrogs]]
 
   
==Miscellaneous==
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==Attributes==
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[[File:GandalfVSBalrog.jpg|thumb|180px|The Durin's Bane uses its fiery whip against Gandalf]]
In one of Tolkien's pre-Middle-earth stories, ''[[Lay of the Children of Húrin]],'' "[[Lungothrin]], Lord of Balrogs," is mentioned. It is not certain whether this was another name for Gothmog, or whether it simply meant "a Balrog lord." According to [[Christopher Tolkien]], the latter is more probable, as the name ''Gothmog'' was mentioned in the earliest Middle-earth writings, as well as in the final versions of Tolkien's mythology.
 
   
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A Balrog generally took the form of a tall, menacing being roughly in the shape of a [[Man]], having control of both fire and shadow and wielding a fiery [[whip]] with several thongs; Gothmog, the Lord of Balrogs in the First Age, used an [[axe]] as well. They induced great terror in friends and foes alike. Many who faced Balrogs referred to them as "creatures of fire and shadow" or simply "shadow and flame."
The early conception of Balrogs makes them less terrible, and certainly more destructible, than they afterwards became: they existed in 'hundreds' (p. 170), and were slain by [[Tuor]] and the [[Gondolin|Gondothlim]] in large numbers: "''thus five fell before Tuor's great axe [[Dramborleg]], three before [[Ecthelion of the Fountain|Ecthelion]]'s sword, and two score were slain by the warriors of the king's house.''" —''[[The Book of Lost Tales]] 2,'' commentary by Christopher Tolkien on [[The Fall of Gondolin]].
 
   
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In his published works, [[Tolkien]] depicts the Balrog as being barely a shape wreathed in shadow and flame, possibly man-shape, yet greater. Balrogs seemed to encapsulate and project power and terror. Additionally, Tolkien refers Balrogs with "streaming fiery manes".<ref>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 3: ''[[The Lays of Beleriand]]'', III: "The Lay of Leithian"</ref>
"''There came [[wolves]] and serpents and there came Balrogs one thousand, and there came Glomund the Father of Dragons.''" ''The Lost Road,'' Chapter 16. (Glomund's name became ''[[Glaurung]]'' when Tolkien wrote the Silmarillion.
 
[[File:Balrog - FOT.png|thumb|left|200px|Durin's Bane, the Balrog of Moria, one of the last of its kind]]
 
When Tolkien developed Middle-earth as the backdrop for ''The Lord of the Rings'', Balrogs became more formidable and terrible, and their number was much reduced. In the end Christopher Tolkien stated that there were "at most" seven Balrogs:
 
{{Quote|In the margin my father wrote: 'There should not be supposed more than say 3 or at most 7 ever existed.'|''[[Morgoth's Ring]],'' Section 2 (AAm*): Note 50}}
 
   
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Additionally, they may have been able to alter their body structures on occasion, as in the battle between Durin's Bane and [[Gandalf]], when the Balrog fell into a body of water he shifted himself into something gelatinous.{{Fact}} However, it is also possible that this alternate form was simply Gandalf using colorful language to describe what the Balrog was like after having its flame extinguished and being covered in water.
And yet, in ''[[The Silmarillion]],'' which is considered [[canon]], Tolkien wrote that during meant that those "few that fled and hid themselves" numbered only three or at most seven.
 
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==Capabilities==
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Balrogs were powerful creatures. They were amongst the most trusted and oldest servants of Morgoth, and it was said that, of Morgoth's servants, only winged [[Fire-drakes]] were more terrible to battle.<ref>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 2: [[The Book of Lost Tales 2|The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]], II: "Turambar and the Foalókë"</ref>
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==Etymology==
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In [[Sindarin]], the word '''Balrog''' means "Demon of Might",<ref>''[[The Silmarillion]]'', Index of Names</ref> from the words ''bal'' ("power") and ''raug, rog'' ("demon").<ref name=etymology>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 5: ''[[The Lost Road and Other Writings]]'', Part Three: "The Etymologies"</ref> Balrogs are called ''Valarauko'' or ''Valaraukar''<ref group=note>Also spelled ''Valarauco'' and ''Valaraucar''</ref> in [[Quenya]], from the words ''vala'' ("power") and ''rauco'' ("demon").<ref name=etymology/><ref>''[[Parma Eldalamberon]]'', Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in ''The Lord of the Rings'' by J.R.R. Tolkien</ref>
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===Other names===
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In other writings, Balrog is derived from ''ñgwalaraukô'' ("demon").<ref name=etymology/>
   
 
==Known Individuals==
 
==Known Individuals==
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[[File:Durin's Bane.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Durin's Bane]]
All the known Balrogs were seemingly males. It is even unknown there were even genders among them.
 
   
*[[Gothmog]] - the first Balrog to wield the title of the '''[[Lord of Balrogs]]''' (presumably the title was indeed created for him)
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*[[Gothmog]], the Lord of the Balrogs and High-captain of Angband, slain by Ecthelion during the Fall of Gondolin
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*[[Durin's Bane]], awakened in the Third Age, slain by Gandalf at the peak of [[Zirakzigil]]
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<br clear=right/>
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==In other versions of the legendarium==
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In Tolkien's later writings, he made note of the fact that there could not have ever been more than seven Balrogs,<ref>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 11: [[The War of the Jewels]]'', Part One. The Grey Annals, Notes</ref> yet they were able to drive away Ungoliant in what was described as a "tempest of fire".
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In another early writing, the Lord of the Balrogs was named Lungorthin. It is unknown whether it is another name for Gothmog, but [[Christopher Tolkien]] thinks it is probably, since the name Gothmog was already mentioned in the earliest writings about Middle-earth.<ref>''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', Vol. 3: ''[[The Lays of Beleriand]]'', I: "The Lay of the Children of Húrin"</ref>
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Initially, the Balrogs were often described to be immense in numbers:
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{{Blockquote|The early conception of Balrogs makes them less terrible, and certainly more destructible, than they afterwards became: they existed in 'hundreds' (p. 170), and were slain by Tuor and the Gondothlim in large numbers: "thus five fell before Tuor's great axe Dramborleg, three before Ecthelion's sword, and two score were slain by the warriors of the king's house.|''The Book of Lost Tales Part Two'', commentary by Christopher Tolkien on "The Fall of Gondolin"
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}}
   
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In later writings, however, Christopher Tolkien notes that:
*[[Lungothrin]] - also claiming the title of the Lord of Balrogs and was the vital chief for guards of Angband with his piety to the Dark Lord rivaling that of Gothmog
 
   
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{{Blockquote|In the margin my father wrote: 'There should not be supposed more than say 3 or at most 7 ever existed.|Morgoth's Ring, Section 2 (AAm*): note 50}}
*[[Durin's Bane]] - the only known individual to have survived the War of Wrath, and also unique in being the only Balrog not to be affirmatively tied-up with the dark forces of his time.
 
   
 
==Portrayal in adaptations==
 
==Portrayal in adaptations==
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*In the video games ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]] ''and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'', the Balrog is a power of the [[goblin]]s and [[Mordor]] which cost 25 Power points, with Whip, Sword, Wings, Firebreath and other weapons can cause devastating damage towards enemy units and structures.
 
*In the video games ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]] ''and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'', the Balrog is a power of the [[goblin]]s and [[Mordor]] which cost 25 Power points, with Whip, Sword, Wings, Firebreath and other weapons can cause devastating damage towards enemy units and structures.
   
*It is also a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boss_(video_gaming) Boss] character in ''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' Video Game, ''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' on Game Boy Advance and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]. ''In the latter, the Balrog is fought by Gandalf on the Player's side and becomes a usable hero for the duration of the battle. Though it is referenced in the video games based on the Films.
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*It is a boss character in ''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' Video Game, ''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' on Game Boy Advance and ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Third Age]]. ''In the latter, the Balrog is fought by Gandalf on the Player's side and becomes a usable hero for the duration of the battle. Though it is referenced in the video games based on the Films.
   
*It also appears in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest]]'', resembling the movie version.
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*It appears in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest]]'', resembling the movie version.
   
 
*Two Balrogs also appear in ''The Lord of the Rings Online'': Thaurlach, located deep within the Rift of Nurz Ghashu in Angmar, and Durin's Bane, encountered several times during introductive "quests" to Moria. An illusion of Durin's Bane is encountered in the Ost Dunhoth Instance Raid.
 
*Two Balrogs also appear in ''The Lord of the Rings Online'': Thaurlach, located deep within the Rift of Nurz Ghashu in Angmar, and Durin's Bane, encountered several times during introductive "quests" to Moria. An illusion of Durin's Bane is encountered in the Ost Dunhoth Instance Raid.
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===Card games===
 
===Card games===
 
*Balrog (named Firelord Balrog) appears in the game The Legend of the Cryptids as a playable card.
 
*Balrog (named Firelord Balrog) appears in the game The Legend of the Cryptids as a playable card.
 
==Portrayal in Adaptations==
 
===Translations around the World===
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
 
!Foreign Language
 
!Translated name
 
|-
 
|Chinese (Hong Kong)
 
|炎魔
 
|-
 
|Russian
 
|Балроги
 
|}
 
 
==Etymology==
 
The [[Quenya]] form is ''Valarauko'' or ''Valarauco'' ([[IPA charts|IPA]]: {{IPA|[valaˈraʊko]}}), and the plural is ''Valaraukar'' or ''Valaraucar'' ({{IPA|[valaˈraʊkar]}}). The [[Sindarin]] form was "Demon of Might"; [[IPA charts|IPA]]: {{IPA|[ˈbalroɡ]}}; Sindarin plural ''Belryg''; {{IPA|[ˈbelryɡ]}} or later {{IPA|[ˈbelriɡ]}})
 
   
 
== Gallery ==
 
== Gallery ==
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<tabber>
=== New Line Films ===
 
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|-|New Line Cinema=
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
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|Balrog vs Gandalf.jpeg|
|Gandalf confronts balrog.jpg|Crush between Maiar of flames (Udûn vs Anor)
 
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|Balrog - FOT.png|
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|Balrog.jpg|
 
}}
 
}}
   
=== Arts ===
+
|-|Arts=
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
  +
|Gothmog_the_Balrog.jpg|
 
  +
|Glorfindel_and_the_Balrog.jpg|
|Gothmog the Balrog.jpg|[[Gothmog]], the king of Balrogs
 
  +
|Gothmog the balrog's king.jpg|
|GlorfindelandBalrog.jpg|[[Glorfindel]]'s last battle (ending in a double suicide with the fallen demon)
 
  +
|Haste of the Balrogs by Viking-Heart.png|
|GandalfVSBalrog.jpg|[[Durin's Bane]] fighting [[Gandalf|Gandalf, the Grey]]
 
|Ted_Nasmith_-_The_Dwarves_Delve_Too_Deep.jpg|The awakening of [[Durin's Bane]]
 
|the_balrogs_of_morgoth_by_thylacinee-d5pl60x.png|All seven Balrogs before the throne of Morgoth. [[Gothmog]] is in the center, and [[Durin's Bane]] is just to the left by [http://www.deviantart.com/art/The-Balrogs-of-Morgoth-345308865 Thylacinee].
 
|Glorfindel Balrog by Moumou38.jpg|Glorfindel and his enermy by [http://www.deviantart.com/art/Glorfindel-and-Balrog-186682036 Moumou38]
 
|Glorfindel and the Balrog.jpg|
 
|How-to-draw-balrog,-lord-of-the-rings,-balrog-tutorial-drawing.jpg|
 
|Fire Balrog.png|
 
|Durin's Bane.jpg|Demon of the deep
 
 
}}
 
}}
   
  +
|-|Video games=
=== In Other Medias ===
 
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
 
{{Gallery|width=120|height=160|captionalign=center|position=center
 
|Summon Balrog.jpg|Summon of Balrog in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]
 
|Summon Balrog.jpg|Summon of Balrog in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]
Line 141: Line 128:
 
|Screen_Shot_2012-06-19_at_4.50.44_PM.png|Three demons of Melkor in BFME2
 
|Screen_Shot_2012-06-19_at_4.50.44_PM.png|Three demons of Melkor in BFME2
 
}}
 
}}
  +
</tabber>
   
 
==Trivia==
 
==Trivia==
*Almost all the known individuals were vanquished in terms of double suicides or falling together. All the Balrogs within their final battles end in ''falling''. Gothmog sunk deep in the fountain, Glorfindel's Balrog fell over a cliff, and Durin's Bane actually fell twice (Fell with Gandalf from the [[Bridge of Khazad-dûm]] and thrown down from the top of Zirakzigil by the final blow of the wizard)
+
*Almost all the known individuals were vanquished in terms of double suicides or falling together. All the balrogs within their final battles end in ''falling''. Gothmog sunk deep in the fountain, Glorfindel's balrog fell over a cliff, and Durin's Bane actually fell twice (fell with Gandalf from the [[Bridge of Khazad-dûm]] and thrown down from the top of Zirakzigil by the final blow of the wizard).
   
*Seemingly, there had not been dangerous conflicts between Balrogs and Dragons. It is unclear this was achieved because these fiery demons and monsters were indeed compatible and were sensible, or there were none community of interests, and both of them were unconcerned about each other. Or such situations might have been restricted and controlled by orders of their master to evade damaging by most mighty members to his own forces.
+
*Seemingly, there had not been dangerous conflicts between balrogs and dragons. It is unclear whether this was achieved because these fiery demons and monsters were indeed compatible and were sensible, or because there were no common interests, and both of them were unconcerned about each other. It is also possible that such situations might have been restricted and controlled by orders of their master to avoid damaging the mightiest members of his forces.
   
*Some fans of the Doom series claim that the Balrog of the movies looks similar to a cross between a D3 Cyberdemon and a D3 Maledict (Cyberdemon with Maledict Wings).
+
*Some fans of the Doom series claim that the balrog of the movies looks similar to a cross between a D3 Cyberdemon and a D3 Maledict (Cyberdemon with Maledict Wings).
   
 
*A demonic monster in the popular 2D side-scrolling game [[Wikipedia:Maplestory|Maplestory]], bears many similar qualities and characteristics, and thus many believe the monster was represented on behalf of the fictitious one depicted in the Tolkien series.
 
*A demonic monster in the popular 2D side-scrolling game [[Wikipedia:Maplestory|Maplestory]], bears many similar qualities and characteristics, and thus many believe the monster was represented on behalf of the fictitious one depicted in the Tolkien series.
Line 175: Line 163:
 
*The boss Fyrus from Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, bears a slight resemblance to Balrog, in it's height and black fiery form.
 
*The boss Fyrus from Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, bears a slight resemblance to Balrog, in it's height and black fiery form.
 
*The form for the character Chaos in ''Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy'', [[w:c:FinalFantasy:Feral Chaos|Feral Chaos]] ("Desperado Chaos" in the Japanese version), bore a strong resemblance to the Balrog (particularly its depiction in the Peter Jackson films) due to his being massive, demonic, possessing horns, and constantly wreathed in flames.
 
*The form for the character Chaos in ''Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy'', [[w:c:FinalFantasy:Feral Chaos|Feral Chaos]] ("Desperado Chaos" in the Japanese version), bore a strong resemblance to the Balrog (particularly its depiction in the Peter Jackson films) due to his being massive, demonic, possessing horns, and constantly wreathed in flames.
  +
{{enWP|Balrog}}
 
  +
==Translations around the World==
{{ainur}}
 
  +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
  +
!Foreign Language
  +
!Translated name
  +
|-
  +
|Amharic
  +
|ባልሮግ
  +
|-
  +
|Arabic
  +
|بالروع ?
  +
|-
  +
|Armenian
  +
|Բալրոգ
  +
|-
  +
|Belarusian
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Bulgarian
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Chinese (Hong Kong)
  +
|炎魔
  +
|-
  +
|Dari
  +
|بالروگ
  +
|-
  +
|Georgian
  +
|ბალროგ
  +
|-
  +
|Greek
  +
|Βαλρογ ?
  +
|-
  +
|Gujarati
  +
|બલ્રોગ
  +
|-
  +
|Hebrew
  +
|בלרוגים
  +
|-
  +
|Hindi
  +
|बल्रोग
  +
|-
  +
|Japanese
  +
|バルログ
  +
|-
  +
|Kazakh
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Korean
  +
|발록
  +
|-
  +
|Kurdish
  +
|بالرۆگ
  +
|-
  +
|Kyrgyr
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Macedonian
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Mongolian
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Nepali
  +
|बल्रोग
  +
|-
  +
|Pashto
  +
|بالروګ
  +
|-
  +
|Persian
  +
|بالروگ
  +
|-
  +
|Punjabi
  +
|ਬਾਲਰੋਗ
  +
|-
  +
|Russian
  +
|Балроги
  +
|-
  +
|Sanskrit
  +
|बल्रोग्
  +
|-
  +
|Serbian
  +
|Балрог (Cyrillic) Balrog (Latinised)
  +
|-
  +
|Sinhala
  +
|බල්‍රොග්
  +
|-
  +
|Tajik
  +
|Балрог
  +
|-
  +
|Tamil
  +
|பல்ரொக் ?
  +
|-
  +
|Telugu
  +
|బల్రొగ
  +
|-
  +
|Tibetan
  +
|བལྲོག
  +
|-
  +
|Tigrinya
  +
|ባልሮግ
  +
|-
  +
|Ukrainian
  +
|Балроґ
  +
|-
  +
|Urdu
  +
|بالروگ
  +
|-
  +
|Uyghur
  +
|بالروگ
  +
|-
  +
|Uzbek
  +
|Балрог (Cyrillic) Balrog (Latinised)
  +
|-
  +
|Yiddish
  +
|באַלראָג
  +
|}
  +
  +
{{Ainur}}
   
 
==References==
 
==References==
  +
{{Scroll box
  +
|content=
 
<references />
 
<references />
  +
}}
 
  +
{{references|notes}}
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
   
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[[he:באלרוגים]]
 
[[he:באלרוגים]]
[[Category:Sindarin words]]
 
[[Category:Maiar]]
 
[[Category:Races]]
 
[[Category:Balrogs| ]]
 
[[Category:Demons]]
 
[[Category:The Silmarillion Characters]]
 
[[Category:Servants of Morgoth]]
 
[[Category:Games Workshop Character]]
 
[[Category:Evil]]
 
   
 
[[de:Balrogs]]
 
[[de:Balrogs]]
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[[pl:Balrogowie]]
 
[[pl:Balrogowie]]
 
[[ru:Балроги]]
 
[[ru:Балроги]]
  +
[[Category:Sindarin words]]
  +
[[Category:Races]]
  +
[[Category:Balrogs| ]]
  +
[[Category:Demons]]
  +
[[Category:The Silmarillion Characters]]
  +
[[Category:Servants of Morgoth]]
  +
[[Category:Evil]]
  +
[[Category:Villains]]

Revision as of 00:08, 24 April 2016

Template:Semi-protected

"Then something came into the chamber - I felt it through the door, and the orcs themselves were afraid and fell silent. It laid hold of the iron ring, and then it perceived me and my spell."
The Lord of the Rings, "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"

Balrogs, also called the Valaraukar, were Maiar that were seduced and corrupted by Melkor to his service.[2]

Origins

Originally, Balrogs were Maiar that were later persuaded by Melkor before the Awakening of the Elves. Their first dwellings had been Utumno, but after their master's defeat during the War for Sake of the Elves, the Balrogs and other creatures in Melkor's service escaped and went to Angband.[3]

History

Years of the Trees

The balrogs of morgoth by thylacinee-d5pl60x

The Balrogs of Morgoth, by Thylacinee

Balrogs were present as early as the Years of the Trees when Melkor and Ungoliant went to Valinor and destroyed the Two Trees. By then, the Balrogs remained in the pits of Angband. After Morgoth destroyed the Trees with Ungoliant, he came to the ruins of Angband to renew his rule in Middle-earth. A disagreement with Ungoliant led to her attacking him, and Morgoth gave out a great cry that roused the Balrogs from their slumber. In a tempest of fire, the Balrogs drove Ungoliant away and prepared to pursue her. However, they were halted by Morgoth and returned to Angband, which shortly thereafter was constructed anew.[4]

First Age

File:Dead of Feanor by LuisFBejarano.jpg

Death of Fëanor, by LuisFBejarano

When Noldor managed to win the battle ''Dagor-nuin-Giliath'',  Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of Balrogs, with few elves about him. Soon he stood alone; but long he fought on with all balrog's alone, so how was mightiest the strength, valour and endurance, of all the Children of Iluvatar, though he was wrapped in fire and wounded with many wounds. But at the last Gothmog, Lord of the Balrogs, smote him to the ground, inflicting a mortal wound.

Maedhros, Fëanor's son, persuaded the forces of Morgoth for a feigned treaty, but Morgoth sent his Balrogs. The entire company was slain, except for Maedhros, who was later brought to Angband.[5]

Years later, during the Dagor Bragollach, the Balrogs, along with Glaurung and Orcs, were issued forth from Angband assault the fortresses of the Elves and to kill their allies, the Men.[6]

The Balrogs fought during the Nírnaeth Arnoediad, where Gothmog led the invasion. He threw aside Húrin and Turgon, turned upon Fingon and killed him with the help of another Balrog, securing the field for Morgoth's forces. He also captured Húrin, after Húrin was buried under a mountain of slain foes. He bound the human warrior and delivered him to Angband, whereupon Morgoth attempted unsuccessfully to pry the location of Gondolin from him.[7]

GlorfindelandBalrog

Glorfindel and the Balrog, by John Howe

In FA 510, during the Fall of Gondolin, the Balrogs rode upon the backs of dragons to reach the hidden city of Gondolin. The Lord of the House of the Fountain, Ecthelion, managed to kill Gothmog at the cost of his own life. While attempting to escape the burning city, Glorfindel and his companions were blocked by another Balrog. To save Tuor, Idril and their young son Eärendil, Glorfindel fought the Balrog on a cliff and cast it down, but he was pulled down with the Balrog to their deaths.[8]

The last of the Balrogs fought in the War of Wrath and were destroyed, though some managed to escape and hide in the caverns of the earth.[9]

Third Age

In TA 1980, a Balrog awoke in Moria when the Dwarves had mined too deep for mithril. It drove the Dwarves out of their home and slew King Durin VI, and the Balrog was thereafter called "Durin's Bane".[10]

During the War of the Ring, the Fellowship of the Ring passed through Moria and encountered Durin's Bane, which pursued them to the Bridge of Khazad-dûm. Gandalf the Grey fought the Balrog, allowing the Fellowship to escape Moria.[11] Both fell into the abyss, but the battle continued at the peak of Zirakzigil. Finally, it ended, but both Gandalf and Durin's Bane were slain in the process. Gandalf was later "sent back" by the Valar, as Gandalf the White.[12]

Attributes

GandalfVSBalrog

The Durin's Bane uses its fiery whip against Gandalf

A Balrog generally took the form of a tall, menacing being roughly in the shape of a Man, having control of both fire and shadow and wielding a fiery whip with several thongs; Gothmog, the Lord of Balrogs in the First Age, used an axe as well. They induced great terror in friends and foes alike. Many who faced Balrogs referred to them as "creatures of fire and shadow" or simply "shadow and flame."

In his published works, Tolkien depicts the Balrog as being barely a shape wreathed in shadow and flame, possibly man-shape, yet greater. Balrogs seemed to encapsulate and project power and terror. Additionally, Tolkien refers Balrogs with "streaming fiery manes".[13]

Additionally, they may have been able to alter their body structures on occasion, as in the battle between Durin's Bane and Gandalf, when the Balrog fell into a body of water he shifted himself into something gelatinous.[citation needed] However, it is also possible that this alternate form was simply Gandalf using colorful language to describe what the Balrog was like after having its flame extinguished and being covered in water.

Capabilities

Balrogs were powerful creatures. They were amongst the most trusted and oldest servants of Morgoth, and it was said that, of Morgoth's servants, only winged Fire-drakes were more terrible to battle.[14]

Etymology

In Sindarin, the word Balrog means "Demon of Might",[15] from the words bal ("power") and raug, rog ("demon").[16] Balrogs are called Valarauko or Valaraukar[note 1] in Quenya, from the words vala ("power") and rauco ("demon").[16][17]

Other names

In other writings, Balrog is derived from ñgwalaraukô ("demon").[16]

Known Individuals

Durin's Bane

Durin's Bane

  • Gothmog, the Lord of the Balrogs and High-captain of Angband, slain by Ecthelion during the Fall of Gondolin
  • Durin's Bane, awakened in the Third Age, slain by Gandalf at the peak of Zirakzigil


In other versions of the legendarium

In Tolkien's later writings, he made note of the fact that there could not have ever been more than seven Balrogs,[18] yet they were able to drive away Ungoliant in what was described as a "tempest of fire".

In another early writing, the Lord of the Balrogs was named Lungorthin. It is unknown whether it is another name for Gothmog, but Christopher Tolkien thinks it is probably, since the name Gothmog was already mentioned in the earliest writings about Middle-earth.[19]

Initially, the Balrogs were often described to be immense in numbers:

The early conception of Balrogs makes them less terrible, and certainly more destructible, than they afterwards became: they existed in 'hundreds' (p. 170), and were slain by Tuor and the Gondothlim in large numbers: "thus five fell before Tuor's great axe Dramborleg, three before Ecthelion's sword, and two score were slain by the warriors of the king's house.
The Book of Lost Tales Part Two, commentary by Christopher Tolkien on "The Fall of Gondolin"

In later writings, however, Christopher Tolkien notes that:

In the margin my father wrote: 'There should not be supposed more than say 3 or at most 7 ever existed.
—Morgoth's Ring, Section 2 (AAm*): note 50

Portrayal in adaptations

Video games

  • It is a boss character in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring Video Game, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers on Game Boy Advance and The Lord of the Rings: The Third AgeIn the latter, the Balrog is fought by Gandalf on the Player's side and becomes a usable hero for the duration of the battle. Though it is referenced in the video games based on the Films.
  • Two Balrogs also appear in The Lord of the Rings Online: Thaurlach, located deep within the Rift of Nurz Ghashu in Angmar, and Durin's Bane, encountered several times during introductive "quests" to Moria. An illusion of Durin's Bane is encountered in the Ost Dunhoth Instance Raid.

Card games

  • Balrog (named Firelord Balrog) appears in the game The Legend of the Cryptids as a playable card.

Gallery

Gothmog the Balrog
Glorfindel and the Balrog
Gothmog the balrog's king
Haste of the Balrogs by Viking-Heart

Summon Balrog
LEGO Balrog
Dragon, balrog2
A Balrog from The Battle for Middle-earth attacks
Screen Shot 2012-06-19 at 4.50.44 PM
Three demons of Melkor in BFME2

Trivia

  • Almost all the known individuals were vanquished in terms of double suicides or falling together. All the balrogs within their final battles end in falling. Gothmog sunk deep in the fountain, Glorfindel's balrog fell over a cliff, and Durin's Bane actually fell twice (fell with Gandalf from the Bridge of Khazad-dûm and thrown down from the top of Zirakzigil by the final blow of the wizard).
  • Seemingly, there had not been dangerous conflicts between balrogs and dragons. It is unclear whether this was achieved because these fiery demons and monsters were indeed compatible and were sensible, or because there were no common interests, and both of them were unconcerned about each other. It is also possible that such situations might have been restricted and controlled by orders of their master to avoid damaging the mightiest members of his forces.
  • Some fans of the Doom series claim that the balrog of the movies looks similar to a cross between a D3 Cyberdemon and a D3 Maledict (Cyberdemon with Maledict Wings).
  • A demonic monster in the popular 2D side-scrolling game Maplestory, bears many similar qualities and characteristics, and thus many believe the monster was represented on behalf of the fictitious one depicted in the Tolkien series.
  • A certain red-skinned antagonist in the MMO-RPG Wartune is identical exactly to a Balrog but for his 4 black horns.
  • A demon in Dungeon Hunter: Alliance called the "Cremator "has the same head and fiery presence as a Balrog, without wings.
  • A demonic monster in another popular 3D game is called "Mabinogi."
  • Many fans claim that the Balrog inspired Games Workshop's Bloodthirster in Warhammer, which is known as the Greater Daemon of Khorne (the Chaos God of Blood, Battle, War and Rage.)
  • The main antagonist of Prince of Persia: Warrior Within, the Dahaka, strongly resembles the Balrog, but has one horn bent downward, and it does NOT have wings.
  • The Balor from Dungeons and Dragons is clearly based on the Balrog.
    • In early editions of the game, it was actually referred to as the Balrog. The name was changed due to copyright claims made by Tolkien Estate.
  • The hero named Hellbringer from Heroes of Newerth (A game that is based on a popular Warcraft III mod known as Defense of the Ancients.) can summon Malphas which is clearly based on the Balrogs.
  • War, the first horseman and main playable character from the game Darksiders has a chaos form that looks very similar to Durin's Bane.
  • Balrog was the name of a boxer from USA who made his debut as the second boss in Street Fighter II. Although he cannot kick, he made up for it with pummeling punches. This name was originally part of a triangle of replacement; the original Japanese game credited him as M. Bison (after boxer Mike Tyson), leaving the character Vega named Balrog.
  • In the manga and anime series Saint Seiya, Balrog Rune (or Balron Lune) is a servant of Hades clad in armor modeled after Tolkien's monster.
  • The Juggernaut and its upgrade the Ravager in Heroes VI, also resembles the Balrog's looks, especially the head region. Whether this is on purpose or just a coincidence is not known.
  • The boss Fyrus from Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, bears a slight resemblance to Balrog, in it's height and black fiery form.
  • The form for the character Chaos in Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy, Feral Chaos ("Desperado Chaos" in the Japanese version), bore a strong resemblance to the Balrog (particularly its depiction in the Peter Jackson films) due to his being massive, demonic, possessing horns, and constantly wreathed in flames.

Translations around the World

Foreign Language Translated name
Amharic ባልሮግ
Arabic بالروع ?
Armenian Բալրոգ
Belarusian Балрог
Bulgarian Балрог
Chinese (Hong Kong) 炎魔
Dari بالروگ
Georgian ბალროგ
Greek Βαλρογ ?
Gujarati બલ્રોગ
Hebrew בלרוגים
Hindi बल्रोग
Japanese バルログ
Kazakh Балрог
Korean 발록
Kurdish بالرۆگ
Kyrgyr Балрог
Macedonian Балрог
Mongolian Балрог
Nepali बल्रोग
Pashto بالروګ
Persian بالروگ
Punjabi ਬਾਲਰੋਗ
Russian Балроги
Sanskrit बल्रोग्
Serbian Балрог (Cyrillic) Balrog (Latinised)
Sinhala බල්‍රොග්
Tajik Балрог
Tamil பல்ரொக் ?
Telugu బల్రొగ
Tibetan བལྲོག
Tigrinya ባልሮግ
Ukrainian Балроґ
Urdu بالروگ
Uyghur بالروگ
Uzbek Балрог (Cyrillic) Balrog (Latinised)
Yiddish באַלראָג

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 2: The Book of Lost Tales Part Two, III: "The Fall of Gondolin"
  2. The Silmarillion, Valaquenta: "Of the Maiar"
  3. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter III: "Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"
  4. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter IX: "Of the Flight of the Noldor"
  5. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XIII: "Of the Return of the Noldor"
  6. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XVIII: "Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin"
  7. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XX: "Of the Fifth Battle: Nirnaeth Arnoediad"
  8. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XXIII: "Of Tuor and the Fall of Gondolin"
  9. The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XXIV: "Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath"
  10. The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A: Annals of the Kings and Rulers, III: Durin's Folk
  11. The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, Book Two, Chapter V: "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm"
  12. The Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Book Three, Chapter V: "The White Rider"
  13. The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 3: The Lays of Beleriand, III: "The Lay of Leithian"
  14. The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 2: The Book of Lost Tales Part Two, II: "Turambar and the Foalókë"
  15. The Silmarillion, Index of Names
  16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 5: The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies"
  17. Parma Eldalamberon, Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien
  18. The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 11: The War of the Jewels, Part One. The Grey Annals, Notes
  19. The History of Middle-earth, Vol. 3: The Lays of Beleriand, I: "The Lay of the Children of Húrin"

Notes

  1. Also spelled Valarauco and Valaraucar

External links